1. Be upfront with others
Some people are not very self-aware so maybe you just need to tell them constructively what the problem is or what you need from them. For instance, if a colleague is making barbed comments in your direction, then take them to one side, and ask them why. They'll either be apologetic as they genuinely didn't realise it was a problem, or they'll make some excuse or even try to counter-accuse. Either way, they'll know it will be risky for them to attempt this again without you hauling them up on it and perhaps escalating it further.
2. Manage your expectations
It might be a customer making unreasonable demands, your colleague expecting emails to be answered at midnight or your boss continually dumping urgent work on your desk just as you are heading for the exit. Choose a quiet moment when you can talk to them about their expectations and agree on how you can best work together, including what you can and can't do, realistic timeframes and, if needed, a system for dealing with urgent issues. Having this conversation ahead of time enables a far more rational discussion about what's needed, rather than one in the heat of a last-minute panic.
3. Handle aggression assertively
If someone is being highly aggressive with you, either verbally or physically, then regardless of who they are it's OK to walk away or say that you are going to put the phone down – and that you will return when they have calmed down. No one at work has the right to compromise your sense of personal safety and wellbeing through engendering physical or psychological fear.
4. Be tolerant of different approaches
Every team needs a mix of different personalities and approaches – the pessimist who will point out the flaw in the plan, the ideas person who challenges the status quo, the "do-er" who is impatient with discussion and wants to get things happening. So maybe your nemesis at work is simply someone whose approach is different from yours. Your styles may clash but that doesn't mean to say they are dysfunctional – in fact, it might be just what the team needs.
Observe them closely. How does their approach compare with yours? Are they a detailed person, glass half full or empty, task-orientated or relationship-focused? Then adjust your style when you communicate with them. For example, if they tend to be a nitpicking pessimist, then they may be more receptive to your ideas if you focus on which might be the least worst of possible scenarios and supply lots of detail. Read up on neuro-linguistic programming to find out how to build rapport and influence the thinking of individuals with very different thinking styles.
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